知识精讲：
知识点1. A序列单词 （35个）
【知识梳理1】able adj. 有能力的
【短语】be able to do（可以变换时态，不能跟can共用）
【变形】unable adj. 没有能力的 disabled adj. 残疾的 ability n. 能力 disability n. 残疾，缺陷
【例句】He used to be a man of many abilities. He was able to do lots of things. But he got disabled after an accident. His disabilities made him unable to do lots of things.
【例题精讲】
例1. He showed his _________________ (able) in drawing when he was quite young.
例2. Why don’t we ____________ (行动) at once to improve the environment (环境)?
【知识梳理2】above prep. 在……的上面
【辨析】above over on
above表示高于……，一般考查高于楼层超过温度
over 正上方，经常考察超过年龄
on 在上面（接触）
【例句】
I live above the young man. The temperature is above 20℃.
There is a bridge over the river. You can vote when you are over 18.
There is a pen on the desk.
【反义词】above-below over-under on-off
【例题精讲】
例1. Ice turns into water when the temperature is _________ (超过) 0℃.
例2. We are flying __________________(在...上方) the clouds.
【知识梳理3】abroad adv. 国外
【短语】go abroad 去国外 be abroad 在国外
【考点】abroad是副词，前面不加介词
【例句】I have never been abroad before. I want to go abroad this summer holiday.
【知识梳理4】absent adj. 缺席的
【短语】be absent from 缺席……
【变形】absence n. 缺席
【例句】Jack is absent from school today. Do you know the reason for his absence?
【例题精讲】
The student who is often __________ (缺席) from school was born with a weak heart.
【知识梳理5】accept vt. 接受
【辨析】accept receive
accept表示主观意愿上接受，反义词是refuse拒绝
receive表示客观上收到，反义是没收到
【例句】I have received his invitation, but I don’t want to accept it.
【例题精讲】
I will be happy if Sandy _________ (接受) my offer.
【知识梳理6】accident n. 事故
【短语】car accidents 交通事故 do sth. by accident 碰巧做某事
【例句】I witnessed the car accident by accident yesterday.
【知识梳理7】according to 根据（to是介词）
【短语】according to sth./doing sth. 根据某物/根据做某事
【例句】According to the weather report, it will rain today.
【例题精讲】
例1. _________ (根据) to what the leader said, we understood the expressions at once.
例2. 根据新闻报道所说，不久这个镇将由地铁与市中心相连。
The town_________________________________________________ the news report.
【知识梳理8】achieve vt. 获得
【短语】achieve a balance between A and B 在A和B之间获得一个平衡
【变形】achievement n. 成就（可数）
【例句】He can achieve a balance between study and hobbies, so he has great achievements in study.
【例题精讲】
The man with a sense of ________(成就) looked proud after being named the Player of the Year.
【知识梳理9】act vi. 行动 vt. 表演
【变形】
action n. 行动 active adj. 活跃的 inactive adj. 不活跃的 actively adv. 活跃地 inactively adv. 不活跃地
actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员
【短语】act to do
【例句】We should act to protect our environment.
【例题精讲】
例1. We can invite the _______(act) to play roles with their husbands in the film.
例2. How handsome they are in those _________ (演员) clothes!
【知识梳理10】action n. 行动
【短语】take action to do 采取行动做某事
【例句】Action should be taken to protect our environment.
【例题精讲】
Her quick __________ (act) saved the child’s life.
【知识梳理11】active adj. 活跃的，积极的
【变形】actively inactive inactively activity
【例句】He is active in all the activities, but yesterday he just sat there inactively.
【例题精讲】
How_______(active) they are donating money to help the sick student!
【知识梳理12】admire vt. 敬佩，仰慕
【短语】admire sb. for sth. 因……敬佩某人
【例句】I admire my deskmate for her achievements.
【例题精讲】
经过研究之后，我为犹太人的团队精神而敬佩。
After___________________, ______________________________________.
【知识梳理13】advantage n. 优势（可数）
【反义词】disadvantage n. 劣势
【例句】Everything in the world has both advantages and disadvantages.
【知识梳理14】advise vt. 建议
【短语】advise sb. to do sth.
【变形】advice n. 建议（不可数） some advice on sth.
【辨析】suggest vt. 建议 suggest doing
suggestion n. 建议（可数）
【例句】Do you have any advice on how to do it well?
He advised me to wear white.
【例题精讲】
例1.The youth worker has offered a great deal of __________ (建议) to the teenagers.
例2.I often offer him lots of __________ (建议), which he thinks are useful.
【知识梳理15】afford vt. 承担得起，买得起
【短语】afford sth. 买得起某物 afford to do sth. 做得起某事
【例句】People in poor areas can’t afford such a house.
【知识梳理16】against prep. 反对，靠着，碰撞，对抗
【短语】do sth. against the law 做违反法律的事情 stand against the wall 靠墙站着
be against doing sth. 反对做某事
【例句】We are going to have a football match against Class 4.
【例题精讲】
例1. She had to sell the house even though it was ___________ (违背) her own wishes.
例2. Our basketball team will play __________ (对抗) the league champions.
【知识梳理17】age n. 年龄
【短语】at the age of 12 在12岁（注意12后面就不能再加years old）
【考点】表达年龄的方式：
in one’s twenties/thirties.... at the age of 数字 when sb. be XX years old
【例句】He graduated at the age of 22.
【例题精讲】
He joined the Houston Rockets in his early ___________ (40).
【知识梳理18】agree vi. 同意
【短语】agree to do 同意做某事 agree with sb. 赞同某人
【变形】agreement n. 一致 agree= be in agreement
【例句】We hoped the headteacher would agree with us. Finally he agreed to choose Jim as our monitor.
【例题精讲】
The two sides failed to reach an __________ (agree) in the final meeting.
【知识梳理19】alive adj. 活着的（表语形容词，只能放系动词后）
【短语】bring sth./sb. alive on screen 让……活生生再现屏幕 stay alive 活着
【辨析】lively adj. 活泼的，生动的 变形：livelier liveliest
live adj. & adv. 现场的 live show be covered live
living n. 生存，生活 make a living adj. living things
【例句】
The film brought dinosaurs alive on screen.
The actors’ acting made the boring film a little livelier.
Jay Chou’s concert will be covered live tonight.
Many living things lost their living areas.
【例题精讲】
例1. I’ve heard that Hong Kong is one of the _______ (生气勃勃的) cities in the world.
例2.We shouldn’t kill wild animals for a ____________ (生计)
【知识梳理20】all的短语总结：
all over 遍及 all day long 一整天 all year round 一整年
all the time 一直 at all times 总是 all right 好吧
above all 首要的是 first of all 首先 after all 毕竟
【例题精讲】
例1. --- What shall we buy for Lucy as a present?
--- Let’s buy a new bike for her. Her bike breaks down from time to time _____________.
A. after all B. above all C. at all D. in all
例2. --- Could you tell me how to behave politely in public in the UK?
--- Yes. __________, you should keep your voice down and always queue.
A. After all B. First of all C. In all D. At all
【知识梳理21】allow vt. 允许
【短语】allow sb. to do sth. (注意被动：sb. be allowed to do 被允许做某事)
【例句】My parents don’t allow me to stay out.
【例题精讲】
不允许学生把书带出图书馆。
The students ___________________________________.
【知识梳理22】already adv. 已经 （现在完成时）
【辨析】yet already
already用于肯定句，置于have和done中间或者句末
yet用于否定句或者疑问句，置于句末
【例句】
---Have you finished the task yet? Not yet.
---Quickly. They have already arrived.
【例题精讲】
--- Has your sister finished watching the new film _____________?
--- Yes, she has finished it ____________.
A. yet; yet B. already; already C. already; yet D. yet; already
【知识梳理23】amazing adj. 令人吃惊的
【变形】amazed adj. 感到吃惊的
【例句】We are amazed at the amazing performance.
【例题精讲】
Is it _____________ (amaze) that the man can stand on his head?
【知识梳理24】another pron. 另一个
【短语】another 数字=数字 more 表示再来XX个
【辨析】
another 泛指，另一个，加可数名词单数
other 泛指，其他的，加名词复数或者不可数名词
others 泛指，指其他的东西或者别人，本身表示复数，后面不能加任何词
the other 特指两个中的另一个，或后面加名词复数表示一个范围内剩下的所有。
the others 特指一个范围内剩下的所有，后面不能再加名词，本身表复数。
【例句】
I don’t like this pair of shoes, can you show me another pair?
Some people like playing basketball, while other people like playing football.
Some people like playing basketball, while others like playing football.
Where are the other students? (注意有了one’s就不能加the,如：It’s in my other hand.)
There are 20 teachers in our grade. 8 of them are men teachers, while the others are women teachers.
【例题精讲】
—Hepburn earned five Oscar nominations, but only won one for Roman Holiday.
—Then what about the results of _____________ Oscar ceremonies?
A. four more B. the other four C. more four D. four another
【知识梳理25】anything 任何事 anyone 任何人 anybody 任何人 anywhere 任何地方
复合不定代词：1) 看做三单 2) 形容词放在后面 3) 可以把else放在后面表示其他……
用于肯定句表示任何：Anyone can borrow books from here. 任何人都可以从这儿借书。
I can go anywhere. 我可以去任何地方。
用于否定句和疑问句代替some: Is there anything wrong with your computer?
There isn’t anything wrong with your computer.= There is nothing wrong with your computer.
【例题精讲】
例1.Mum, can I have _____ to eat? I am really hungry. _____ will do!
A. anything; Everything B. something; Everything
C. anything; Anything D. something; Anything
例2.I looked ________ for my lost wallet, because I was sure it was __________ in this room.
A. anywhere, anywhere B. nowhere, somewhere
C. everywhere, somewhere D. somewhere, anywhere
【知识梳理26】appear vi. 出现（没有被动语态）
【变形】disappear vi. 消失 appearance n. 出现，露面，外貌
【考点】一作为不及物动词表示出现，一作为系动词，表示表现出……的样子，不管哪种都没有被动语态。
【例句】The man over their suddenly disappeared. The boy appeared frightened.
【例题精讲】
The ads kept __________ (出现) on my computers screen and this almost drove me crazy.
【知识梳理27】arrive vi. 到达
【短语】arrive in 大地点 arrive at 小地点 arrive here/there/home
【辨析】arrive reach get to
reach 地点 get to 地点 (get here/there/home)
没有地点，只能用arrive I have arrived.
【例句】---Have they got to the airport? ---Yes, they’ve arrived.
【例题精讲】
---When will the next plane__________?
--- It is said it will ____________the airport at 10 a.m.
A. arrive at; get to B. reach; arrive at C. reach; reach D. arrive; reach
【知识梳理28】artist n. 艺术家
【变形】art n. 艺术
【归纳】-ist后缀：tourist 旅行家 pianist 钢琴家 dentist 牙医
【例句】My father has a real gift for art. He is a born artist.
【知识梳理28】as prep. 作为
【短语】be famous as 作为……著名 Lu Xun is famous as a writer.
【辨析】be famous for 因为……出名 Lu Xun is famous for his books.
【归纳】
其他词性：
conj. 随着……（引导时间状语从句）
As time goes by, he realizes his growth.
既然，由于（引导原因状语从句)
Come and play, as you are here.
按照（引导方式状语从句）
Do as the Romans do.
其他短语和句型：
as a result 结果是 as....as.....和……一样……
not as ....as.... 不如……怎样 as...as possible 尽可能……
as good as 简直，和……一样 as well as 并且，和
as soon as 一……就……（时态规则主将从现，或者主过从过）
【例题精讲】
例1. _____ time passes by, we can understand our parents better.
A. with B. As C. While D. Following
例2. --- Did you enjoy the military training these days?
--- Yes! Though I was __________ dead after so much hard training.
A. so good as B. as well as C. as good as D. so well as
例3. Friendship is ___________ wine. The longer we keep it, the tastier it will be.
A. as soon as B. as good as C. as well as D. as long as
例4.--- Have you heard of Nanjing?
--- Yes, it‘s famous ________ its beauty of nature ________ the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties.
A. as; for B. for; for C. as; as D. for; as
例5. He speaks French __________ a Frenchman, so we all believe that he has stayed in France for
many years.
A. as good as B. worse than C. as well as D. as badly as
【知识梳理29】asleep adj. 睡着的
【短语】fall asleep (对应延续性动词be asleep)
【辨析】sleepy adj. 困倦的 feel sleepy
【例句】He felt so sleepy that he fell asleep at once.
【例题精讲】
I was quite excited. As a result I ______ at all.
A. did not feel sleepy B. am not sleepy C. did not sleep D. am not feel asleep
【知识梳理30】attend vt. 参加，出席
【短语】attend meetings attend school attend the lesson
【辨析】join 组织/人 加入 take part in 活动/比赛 参加
【例句】Will you join us in attending the meeting?
【知识梳理31】attention n. 注意力
【短语】pay attention to (to是介词，后加sth.或者doing sth.)
catch/attract one’s attention 引起某人的注意
bring sb. to the attention of 使……引起了……的注意
【例句】No attention was paid to his new book at the book show last week.
【例题精讲】
例1.我疑惑这位导演能否引起一些人的注意。
I wonder _________________________________________________________________.
例2. 我应该更注意改善我的英语学习吗？
Should I _______________________________________________?
【知识梳理32】attract vt. 吸引
【变形】attractive adj. 有吸引力的 attraction n. 吸引力，景点
【辨析】attack vt. 攻击
【例句】The attractive attraction has attracted a lot of tourists.
【知识梳理33】Australia n. 澳大利亚
【变形】Australian adj. 澳大利亚的 n. 澳大利亚人
【例句】I got to know those Australians when I was in Australia last year.
【知识梳理34】avoid vt. 避免
【短语】avoid doing
【例句】We should avoid smoking in public.
【例题精讲】
她选择呆在中国以便于避免爱上一位外国人。
She chose to stay in China so _________________________________________________.
【知识梳理35】awake adj. 醒着的
【变形】wake vt. 叫醒 wake-woke-woken
【例句】I have woken up Lily. She is awake now.
【例题精讲】
I thought about what she had said and stayed ____________ (醒着的) all night.
巩固练习：
写出下列所有的词性转换：
able: _____________adj. 没有能力的 _____________adj. 残疾的
_____________n. 能力 _____________n. 残疾，缺陷
absent: ______________ n. 缺席
achieve: _____________ n. 成就（可数）
act: ___________n. 行动 ___________adj. 活跃的 ___________adj. 不活跃的 ___________ adv. 活跃地 ___________ adv. 不活跃地 ___________n. 男演员 ___________n. 女演员
active: ___________ n. 活动
advise: ____________n. 建议（不可数）
agree: ______________ n. 一致
amazing: _______________ adj. 感到吃惊的
appear: ________________ vi. 消失 ______________n. 出现，露面，外貌
art: _________________n. 艺术家
attract: _____________ adj. 有吸引力的 n. 吸引力，景点
Australia: ____________ adj. 澳大利亚的 n. 澳大利亚人
wake: ______________adj. 醒着的
答案：unable, disabled, ability, disability: absence: achievement; action,active, unactive,actively, unactively, actor, actress; activity; adcise; agreement; amazed; disappear,appearance; artist; attractive; Australian; awake;