67. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
可以肯定，如果开车的人少一些，空气污染就一定会减少。
经典句型解析67：certain与 sure各种句型用法完美解析
1、两者都可用作表语，表示“一定”或“确信”，一般可互换。用法上注意以下几点：
(1) 后接不定式时，表示说话人的看法，意为“一定会”、“肯定会”、“一定要”。如：
He’s certain [sure] to win. 他一定会成功。
He’s certain [sure] to come. 他肯定会来。
They are sure to win this basketball match.
他们肯定能打赢这场篮球赛。《外研社英语同义词辨析词典》
She‘s sure to be picked for the team.
她肯定会入选该队。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
She is sure to come.
她一准来。
Be sure to wear the correct footwear to prevent injuries to your feet.
一定要穿合适的鞋，以免脚受伤。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
Before leaving the city, be sure to make time for a shopping trip
离开城市之前，一定要留出时间去买些东西。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
Be sure to select firm, unblemished fruit.
一定要选坚实、无疤痕的果子。
If you make a threat be sure to carry it out if he errs again.
如果你作出威胁，在他再犯错时，一定要说到做到。
Be sure to make copies of all the papers.
一定要把所有文件都复印好副本。《外研社英语同义词辨析词典》
Be sure to make this point clear to everyone.
务使大家明了这一点。
Be sure to do the sowing in good time.
确保适时播种。
Be sure to write and give me all the news.
务必写信告诉我所有的消息。
Be sure to make him believe it.
务使他相信此事。
When two tigers fight, one is sure to lose.
两虎相争，必有一伤。
It seems like a good idea on the surface but there are sure to be problems.
这主意乍一看不错，但肯定存在问题。
Be sure to give your family my regards.
务必代我向你的家人问好。
It‘s sure to rain.
一准会下雨。
This is sure to be an item on the agenda next week
这一定会成为下星期议事日程上的一项议题。
Be sure to store them carefully as they bruise easily.
小心存放，因为它们很容易被碰伤。
Be sure to read about how mozzarella is made, on page 65
务必看看莫泽雷勒干酪是怎么制成的，在第65页。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
This year‘s harvest is sure to be good.
今年的收成错不了。
As things stand at present, he seems certain to win.
据目前情况看，他似乎胜券在握。
Short of a miracle, we‘re certain to lose.
除非发生奇迹，否则我们输定了。
They are certain to agree.
他们肯定会同意。
Be certain to eat slowly and chew your food extremely well
一定要慢慢吃，要细细咀嚼。
If they followed the road, they would be certain to reach a village
如果他们沿着这条路走，就一定会到达一个村庄。
Mr King seems certain to be pressed for further details
看来人们一定会竭力要求金先生提供进一步的细节。
They say he‘s certain to get a nomination for best supporting actor
他们说他肯定能获得最佳男配角奖的提名。
The United States is certain to reject the proposal as a non-starter
美国肯定会以无成功希望为由拒绝这项提案。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
I‘m bound to say that it seems to me this is certain to lead to violence.
我不得不说，在我看来这肯定会引发暴力事件。
The President and his supporters are almost certain to read this vote as a mandate for continued economic reform
总统及其支持者几乎肯定地认为这次投票是对继续进行经济改革的授权。
In a large city you‘re almost certain to find a physician with whom you are compatible and feel comfortable.
在大城市，几乎肯定能找到一个和你意气相投、让你觉得舒心的心灵抚慰者。
She felt sure the letter had some hidden meaning.
她确信那封信中有言外之意。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
His opinion is certain to carry weight.
他的意见一定会受到重视。
(2) 后接“of 名词(或动名词)”或后接 that /whether 从句等，表示句子主语自己经过思考所得的结论、信念、观点等，意为“确信”、“自信”、“肯定”、“确定”。如：
He is certain [sure] of success. 他确信会成功。
He is certain [sure] of winning. / He is sure [certain] that he will win. 他自信会赢。
I’m not certain [sure] (whether) I’ll be able to come. 我不敢肯定是否能来。
I was sure she knew the answer but for some reason she hung back.
我敢保证她知道答案，但不知为什么她不敢说出来。
He was sure that the man was innocent of any crime
他确信那个男人没有犯任何罪。
He‘d a good memory for faces, and he was sure he hadn‘t seen her before
他对别人的长相过目不忘，他确信自己以前没有见过她。
From the cheering of the crowd, I was sure we had succeeded.
从人群的欢呼声中，我确信我们成功了。
Putting what I saw together, I was sure she was blind.
综合我所看到的情况,我肯定她是盲人。
He was sure to cure her eyes, but she must pay him a large amount of money.
他肯定能治好她的眼睛,但她必须付给他一大笔钱。
I was certain that love was quite enough to conquer our differences
我相信爱足以克服我们的种种差异。
He was certain Sid would be eaten alive by the hardened criminals in the jail.
他确信锡德在监狱中肯定会被那些怙恶不悛的罪犯们扒掉一层皮。
I was certain I was on the brink of poverty, going to the poorhouse.
我确信自己已处在贫困的边缘，马上就要进济贫院了。
He philosophized, he admitted, not because he was certain of establishing the truth, but because it gave him pleasure.
他承认自己高谈阔论不是因为他确定找到了真理，而是因为那给了他很多乐趣。
But the likelihood is that people would be willing to pay if they were certain that their money was going to a good cause
但如果人们确切知道自己的钱会用于做善事，他们就可能更愿意掏腰包。
注：当be sure [certain]为肯定式或疑问式时，后接that从句；当be sure [certain]为否定式时，一般后接whether [if]从句。如：
I‘m not sure [certain] whether he still works there. 我不能肯定他是否还在那里工作。
I wasn‘t sure [certain] whether he would agree. 我不太肯定他是否会同意。
He wasn‘t sure [certain] whether he would be able to get back in time. 他不能肯定他是否能准时回来。
I‘m not sure I‘ll ever trust people again
我不确定自己是否还会再相信任何人。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
I‘m not sure she believes me. She probably just thinks I‘ve gone off the deep end.
我不确定她是不是相信我。她可能只是觉得我神志不清了。
I‘m not sure whether I should tell you this.
我拿不准该不该把这事告诉你。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
Ask me if you‘re not sure how to do it.
你要是拿不准怎么干，就问我。
I‘m not sure if Friday‘s trip is a go.
我说不准星期五是否能成行。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
He was not sure whether he wished her to stay or go.
他说不准他到底是希望她留下还是离开。
Put a query against Jack‘s name ─ I‘m not sure if he‘s coming.
在杰克的名字旁边打个问号——他来不来我不清楚。
‘I‘m not sure I can make it tomorrow,‘ he said edgily.
“我不敢肯定明天能成功。”他紧张不安地说。
But legal experts are not sure if such a charge can stick.
但法律专家们不能肯定这一指控是否成立。
I am not sure that this is sound democratic practice
我不能肯定这是正确的民主行为。
Confidentially, I am not sure that it wasn‘t above their heads.
私底下说，我不敢肯定他们明白了。
I am not sure whether I was knocked over by the blast or whether I just fell
我拿不准自己是被爆炸的气浪掀翻的还是恰巧跌了一跤。
I‘m not sure if the argument holds up, but it‘s stimulating.
我不能肯定该论点是否经得起检验，但它很有新意。
以上9例摘自《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
它们后也可接其他从句。如：
I‘m not sure [certain] where she lives. 我不能肯定她住在哪里。
I‘m not certain [sure] who wrote it. 我不太清楚这是谁写的。
She‘s not certain/ positive when the movie will begin.
她不确定电影何时开始。
I‘m not certain who was there.
我无法确定谁当时在场。
I‘m not certain when we start off.
我拿不准我们何时动身。
试比较：
He is sure to pass the exam.他肯定能通过考试。（表示说话者的观点）
He is sure of passing the exam. 他确信自己能通过考试。（表示主语自己的观点，说话的人只是转述这个句话，没有参与思考形成观点）
He is sure that he will pass the exam.他确信自己能通过考试。（表示主语自己的观点，说话的人只是转述这个句话，没有参与思考形成观点）
certain这个用法也是一样：
John is certain to be invited.约翰一定会被邀请。
John is certain of being invited.约翰确信能被邀请。
John is certain that he will be invited. 约翰确信能被邀请。
2、只能用 certain 而不能用 sure 的情形：
(1) 当句中用了形式主语或形式宾语 it 时：
It is certain/ positive that every effect must have a cause.
毋庸置疑，有果必有因。
It’s certain that he’ll come tomorrow. 他明天肯定会来。
I thought it certain that he would be late. 我肯定他会迟到。
It is certain that they will agree/They are certain to agree.
他们肯定会同意。
(2) 当表示“某一”、“某些”等时：
A certain person told me about it.
有人告诉了我这件事。
It was a certain Dr Davis who performed the operation.
是一位叫戴维斯的医生做的手术。
A certain Mr Green wants to see you. 有个叫格林先生的人想见你。
The work must be completed within a certain time limit.
这项工作必须在一定期限内完成。
Many animals breed only at certain times of the year.
很多动物只在一年的某个时候交配繁殖。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
感觉译文有点问题，小编译为：
很多动物只在一年的某些时刻交配繁殖。
There may be certain times of day when smokers crave their cigarette
吸烟者可能会在一天中的某些时刻特别想吸烟。《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
For certain personal reasons I shall not be able to attend.
由于某种个人原因，我将不能出席。
Certain people might disagree with this.
某些人对这事可能不会赞同。
Society is knit together by certain commonly held beliefs.
社会是靠某些共同的信念来维系的。
Children from certain backgrounds tend to be stereotyped by their teachers.
教师往往模式化地根据学生的某些背景把他们归为某一类学生。
Certain plants are good to eat but others are not. 有些植物好吃, 而其它一些则不好吃。
The leaves of certain trees are poisonous to cattle.
某些树的叶子会毒害牲畜。
They are demanding certain guarantees before they sign the treaty.
他们要求得到某些保证后才签署条约。
Some students are exempt from certain exams.
有的学生可免除某些考试。
Certain kinds of property are transferred automatically at death.
死亡时某些财产会自动转让。
Officials of all member states receive certain privileges and immunities.
各成员国的官员均享有某些特权和豁免权。
3、在 Be sure (not) to do sth.(一定要或不要做某事) 结构中通常不用 certain (偶尔也用 certain)。如：
Be sure not to forget it. 千万别忘记啦。
Be sure to turn off the light when you go to bed. 上床睡觉时一定要关灯。
Be certain to eat slowly and chew your food extremely well
一定要慢慢吃，要细细咀嚼。《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
4、用于 for certain /for sure, 意为“肯定地”、“确切地”等，两者可互换。如：
I can’t say for certain [sure] when he will come. 我不敢肯定地说他什么时候来。
No one knows for sure [certain] what happened to her. 没有人确切地知道她出了什么事。
5、用于 make certain / make sure，意为“弄清楚”、“弄得有把握”，“以确定，以确保”、“让，使、要求”两者可互换。如：
They made certain [sure] (that) they weren’t late. 他们有把握不迟到。
I think there‘s a bus at 8 but you‘d better call to make certain.
好像8点有一班公共汽车，不过你最好打电话弄清楚。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
I think there’s a train at 10：40, but you’d better make certain [sure] (of it). 我想10：40是有趟火车，但你最好去核实一下。
She flicked her eyes up to make certain I was suitably impressed
她抬眼瞟了瞟，以确定我不出所料地被打动了。
You‘ll have to leave soon to make certain of getting there on time.
你得快点出发，好确保准时到达那里。
Firstly, they must make certain that their pension needs are adequately catered for
首先，他们得确保他们能获得足够的养老金。
I made sure I was very clean and looking my best.
我把自己收拾得十分整洁，美丽动人。《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
I made sure the account stayed in credit
我确保账户里有余额。
They made sure that he died a horrible death
他们让他死得很惨。《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
I made sure I sounded calm but my mind was racing
我确保自己听上去很镇定，但脑筋却飞快地转着。
Joseph made sure that he was never palmed off with inferior stuff.
约瑟夫确保自己从不会被骗买一些次等原料。
The far-reaching pact has also made sure the Cold War is consigned to history with a joint peace declaration.
随着和平联合声明的发表，这个意义深远的条约也确保冷战成为了历史。
He made sure I made my bed and did my homework ．
他要求我整理床铺、做作业。
高考真题- 2017 天津
So he made sure the teens had a pleasant experience at the restaurant.
所以他确保孩子们在餐厅有一个愉快的体验。
中考真题- 2018 河南
The son made sure the fruits were not obviously bad, and the daughter handed them to her mom.
儿子确保水果没有明显的变质,女儿把它们交给了妈妈。
中考真题- 2018 北京
We make sure our clients get the best that money can buy.
我们确保客户买到最好的产品。
Please make sure all mobile phones are switched off during the performance.
请确保演出时关上所有手机。
Make sure you get a good look at their faces.
你一定要仔细看清他们的面孔。
Make sure that sign‘s the right way up.
一定不要把这招牌挂颠倒了。
Make sure you park your car clear of the entrance.
切莫把车停在入口处。
Make sure you insure your camera against loss or damage.
一定要给你的照相机投保，以防丢失或损坏。
She shook it to make sure there was nothing inside.
她把它晃了晃，以确定里面没有东西。
Make sure you swot up on the company before the interview.
面试前一定要用心掌握公司的情况。
Make sure that your weight is evenly distributed.
注意让你的重量分布均匀。
Make sure you read the contract before parting with any money.
一定要注意先看清合约再交钱。
Make sure you cut the bread nice and thick.
你一定要把面包片切得厚厚的。
Check your car before you drive to make sure that your lights are working.
开车前要检查一下，灯一定都要亮。
Make sure the wires don‘t touch.
一定不要让金属线搭在一起。
Make sure the letter is properly addressed.
一定要正确书写信上的地址。
Make sure they don‘t overcharge you for the drinks.
注意别让他们多收饮料费。
Make sure he doesn‘t try to palm you off with faulty goods.
当心别上当让他把残次品卖给你。
Make sure your claims for expenses are submitted by the end of the month.
你的费用一定要在月底以前办理报销。
Make sure you defrost the chicken completely before cooking.
一定让冻鸡化透后再烹调。
Make sure the lid is on.
要注意盖上盖子。
Make sure that the rope is stretched tight.
务必要把绳子拉紧。