14. rest 动词或名词,休息
have a (good) rest=take a (good) rest(好好)休息
(1)rest作及物动词,意为“使休息”,作不及物动词,意为“休息”。例如:
You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading. 在大量阅读之后,你应该休息一下自己的眼睛。
I’m tired, and I want to rest. 我累了,我想休息。
(2)rest也可以作名词,常用来搭配have a rest,表示“休息一下”。例如:
You have a cold,and should have a rest. 你感冒了,应该休息一下。
15. drink some hot tea with honey喝些加蜂蜜的热茶
考点一:介词短语with honey作后置定语,修饰前面的事物hot tea。with为介词,在此处意为“具有;带有”,表示事物所具有的性质特征;其反义词为without,意为“没有”。
Would you like some coffee with sugar?
China is a country with a long history.
Fish can’t live without water.
He left without saying goodbye.
考点二:with的常用用法
①with意为“和……在一起”
Mr. Black is talking with a friend.
Tom with his parents is in China now.
注意区别:Tom and his parents are in China now.
②with意为“使用(工具)”
She cut the apple with a knife.
Tom is writing with a pen.
注意区别:用“材料”、“语言”要用in,如:in ink用墨水,in English用英语
③with意为“关于,对于”
What’s the matter with him?
④with表示行为方式
She likes to sleep with the light on.
考点四:any和some的用法区别:
在通常情况下,some用于肯定句,any 用于否定句或疑问句。如:
1. 肯定句:
Some students dropped behind in their studies. 有的学生在学习上落在后面。
Mother sent me some money along with her letter. 母亲随信给我寄来了一些钱。
2. 疑问句:
Is there any need for me to go? 我有没有必要去?
Do you anticipate meeting any trouble? 你预料会遇到麻烦吗?
Do you have any books for children? 你有适合小孩子看的书吗?
3. 否定句:
I didn’t want to give her any bother. 我不想给她添麻烦。
We haven’t got any further information to date. 到目前为止我们尚未获得进一步的消息。
Please be careful not to cause any misunderstanding. 请注意不要引起误会。
但在某种特殊情况下,some也可用于疑问句和否定句。比如:
1. some用于疑问句的场合
① 用于可预料答语为“是”的问句中。如:
Didn’t he give you some money? 他不是给了你一些钱吗?
Can you lend me some money? 能借点钱给我吗?
②用于表示请求或建议的疑问句。如:
Would you like some bread and butter? 你要不要黄油面包?
Would you like some melon? 你要来点瓜肉吗?
Would you like some more sponge? 你再来点海绵蛋糕好吗?
2. some用于否定句的场合
① 用于大部分否定的句子中。比较下面两句:some 用于肯定句和否定句均可,但意义有区别:
I don‘t like some of the films. 这些电影中有几部我不喜欢的。
I don‘t like any of the films. 这些电影中我一部也不喜欢。
② 用于否定句,但在否定范围之外。如:
We haven’t been there for some years. 我有好几年没去那儿了。
Some of the students don’t like the new teacher. 其中有些学生不喜欢这位新老师。
③ 用于否定句表示特别的强调。如:
All of you must pay, not just some. 你们所有人都必须付钱,而不只是一些人付钱。
It should be for all our children, not just some. 这应该适用于我们所有的儿童,而不仅仅是某些孩子。
④ 用于否定句介词without之后。如:
There is no fire without some smoke. 有火就有烟。
It’s risky to buy a car without some good advice. 不作些咨询就去买车是有风险的。
比如:(any用于肯定句意为“任何的”)
He came without any money. 他来时身无分文。
We did the work without any difficulty. 我们干这工作没有任何困难。
考题精练:
1. —Would you like juice? —Yes, .( )
A. some;thanks B. some;please C. any;thanks D. any;please
【答案】B
【解析】答案:B 考查形容词词义的辨析。根据题干:表示征求意见,希望得到肯定回答的疑问句也是用some,故第一个空要用some。第二个空是固定用法,好的,请给一些,故选择B。 ——你想来喝些果汁吗? ——好的,请给一些。 考查形容词词义的辨析,掌握形容词的固定用法是解决此类题的关键。
2. —Rita, could you please help me to buy _______snacks and a bottle of juice?
—Sure. But I don’t have _______ money.
A. some; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——Rita,你能帮我买一些小食品和一瓶果汁吗?——当然能。但我没有钱。some一般用于肯定句或者表示请求建议的疑问句中;any一般用于否定句和疑问句中。根据语境可知前一空表示请求建议,故用some;后一空表示否定,故用any。故选C。