一，一般现在时
1. 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2. 基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加e/s）
①is/am/are；②do/does
否定形式：①am/is/are not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don’t,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn’t，同时还原行为动词。
3. 一般疑问句：
①把is/am/are动词放于句首；
②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
4. 用法
1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
3） 表示格言或警句。
例如：Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
例如：I don‘t want so much. 我不要那么多。
He writes good English but does not speak well.他英语写得不错，讲的可不行。
5）一般现在时表示将来含义。
a. 下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。
b. 在时间或条件句中。
例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。
I‘ll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。
二，一般过去时
1. 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2. 基本结构：
①was/were；②行为动词过去式
动词变化分类：
肯定形式:主语 动词过去式 其他
否定形式：主语 didn‘t 谓语动词原形 其他
①was/were not;②在行为动词前加didn t，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①Did 主语 谓语动词原形 其它？ ②Was/Were 主语 表语?
用表格整理如下：
3. 用法
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
例如：Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?
在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。
例如：He was dead in 1990.
2） 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
例如：When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。
注意：如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do（过去常常做，而不那样做了）
例如：
He used to drink alcohol.他过去喝酒。
（意味着他不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了）
I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。
（意味着不在早晨散步了）
三，现在进行时
1. 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2. 时间状语：可用来表示现在进行时的时间状语，常用的有：now，this week，right now 等；或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间，或者用look，listen（常用于句子的开头，表示提醒听者注意正在发生的事情）。
3. 基本结构：am/is/are doing
否定形式：am/is/are not doing.
一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首，主语 be not doing sth
4. 用法：
1） 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情，居中常表示时间的词是now，at the moment。
例如：
We are waiting for you.
我们正在等你。
Linda‘s brother is watching TV in his bedroom now.
现在，琳达的哥哥正在他的卧室里看电视。
2） 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。
例如：Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
3） 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
例如：The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It s getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。
4） 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
例如：
You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。
The students are making progress constantly. 学生们在不断进步。
5） 用现在进行时表示将来
下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬时动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。
例如：I m leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?
四，过去进行时
1）过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，常和表示过去的状语连用。
例如：（just）then 那时，当时；at this/that time 在这/那时 yesterday afternoon昨天下午；at nine 在九点；last night 昨晚；（at）this time yesterday在昨天这个时候
但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。
What were you doing at nine last night? 昨晚九点的时候，你在做什么？
I was watching TV at home yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午正在家里看电视。
They were playing football at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他们在踢足球。
2）过去进行时也可以表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
常与those days, the whole morning, from 8:00 to 12:00 last night等时间状语连用。
From 1983 to 1998 , he was teaching at Yale . 从1983到1998年，他正在耶鲁大学教书。
They were building a bridge last winter . 去年冬天他们正在造一座桥。
3）过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。
现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作，常用在间接引语中。
Lucy arrived in Beijing last Friday. But she was leaving for Hong Kong the next morning.上周五Lucy到达北京，但第二天早晨就要动身去香港了。
She asked him if he was coming back for lunch. 她问他午饭是否准备回来吃。
4）过去进行时与频度副词always forever， continually， constantly等连用时表示过去经常反复的动作，常常带有埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱等情绪。
My sister was always forgetting things.(表示埋怨)
He was always helping others. (表示赞扬)
五，一般将来时
1）表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作。
时间状语：tomorrow , soon , next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening ……
2）will do
表示主观意愿做某事。
I will see a movie this morning.
表示客观的不以人的意志为转移的客观将来。
Fish will die without water.
表示临时决定。
——Mom, where is the newspaper?
——Wait a moment. I will get it for you.
3) be going to do
表示计划，安排要发生的事。
The play is going to be produced next month。
表示有迹象要发生的事
Look at the dark clouds.There is going to be a storm.
六，过去将来时
立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
He said he would go to Beijing the
I didn‘t know if she was going to come。
Wang Lei said that she was going to visit her uncle next Saterday。
七，现在完成时
1）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词：already, yet, just, ever, never, before
I have finished my homework. 我做完家庭作业了。(过去某时开始做，到现在已完成。)
2）表示：过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，并且有可能继续下去。
标志词：for, since, since…ago
I have studied English for six years. 我已经学了六年英语了。
(六年前开始学英语，一直学到现在, 也可能继续学也可能就此不学了。)
3） have/has gone to 、have/has been to 和have/has been in的区别
have/ has gone to 去了，在去某地的路上或在某地，人还未回来
have/ has been to 曾经去过，人已经回来了
have/ has been in 已经在，常与一段时间连用
如：He has been to Shenyang before. 他以前曾去过沈阳。
He has been in Shenyang for ten years. 他在沈阳10年了。
Has he gone to Shenyang? 他去沈阳了吗?
4）非延续性动词不能用“现在完成时 表示一段时间的状语”的句型中。
这类动词有：come, go, start, leave, die, buy, finish, join, borrow, stop等。
但能够用表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的非延续性性动词。
arrive, come → be here,
die → be dead
finish, end → be over
go out → be out
join → be in
borrow→keep
finish/end →be over
close →be closed
leave, move → be away
fall asleep → be asleep
八，过去完成时
1）以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
2）在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
3)过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
动词时态专项训练(一)：
单项选择题：
( )1. There _______ no hospitals in my hometown fifty years ago.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
( )2. --- Who sings best in your class?
--- Jenny _______.
A. do
B. did
C. does
D. has done
( )3. --- _____ the young girl _____ the old man clean his room every day?
--- Yes, she does.
A. Does; help
B. Has; helped
C. Did; help
D. Do; helps
( )4. --- Can I go to Beijing for my holiday, Dad?
--- You can when you _______ a bit older.
A. will get
B. get
C. are getting
D. got
( )5. --- What does Linda often do in the evening?
--- She often _______ her homework, but on the evening of March 12 she _______ TV.
A. does; watches
B. is doing; watched
C. does; watched
D. is doing; was watching
( )6. Our geography teacher told us yesterday that the earth _______ around the sun.
A. was moving
B. moved
C. has moved
D. moves
( )7. If he _______harder, he will catch up with us soon.
A. study
B. studies
C. will study
D. studied
( )8. --- Don’t forget to ask him to write to me.
--- I won’t. As soon as he _______, I’ll ask him to write to you.
A. will come
B. came
C. comes
D. is coming
( )9. --- Do you like this silk dress?
--- Yes, I do. It _______ so soft and comfortable.
A. is feeling
B. feels
C. has felt
D. is felt
( )10. Oh, it’s you. I’m sorry I _______ know you _______ here.
A. don’t; are
B. didn’t; are
C. didn’t; were
D. don’t; were
Key: 1-5 DCABC 6-10 DBCBC
动词时态专项训练(二)：
单项选择：
1. Where Uncle Sun yesterday?
A. was B. were C. did D. does
2. They going to see Mr. Sun tomorrow.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
3. Some are in the river and some are games.
A. swiming, playing
B. swimming, plaiing
C. swimming, playing
D. swimming, plaing
4. Where is Dick? He to the reading-room.
A. has been B. went
C. has gone D. goes
5. Mark Twain, an American writer, everybody here.
A. knows B. is known as
C. is known to D. is known for
6. I hope he will come to see me before he here.
A. leave B. leaves C. will leave D. left
7. My teacher told me that Australians English.
A. spoke B. speak
C. speaks D. are speaking
8. I think she right now.
A. reading B. reads C. is reading D. read
9. ---- Where are the children?
---- They a good time in the garden.
A. are having B. have C. have had D. had
10. ----- Where my glasses? I can’t find them.
---- I them on the bookshelf, but they aren’t there.
A. you put, put
B. you have put, have put
C. have you put, put
D. did you put, have put
11. When the police arrived, the man for 10 minutes.
A. died B. was death
C. had died D. had been dead
12. By the time this talk is over, we a lot about the earth.
A. will be learning B. are learning
C. world learn D. will have learnt
13. The teachers told me that they me to smooth away the difficulties.
A. helped B. will help
C. help D. were going to help
14. ----Have you seen him today?
----Yes, I him this morning.
A. has seen B. see C. will see D. saw
15. He worried when he heard this news.
A. is B. was C. does D. did
16. What’s your friend going next week.
A. doing B. do C. does D. to do
17. I don’t think that it’s true. He’s always strange stories.
A. tell B. telling C. told D. tells
18. Have you ever West Hill Farm?
A. gone to B. arrived C. come to D. been to
19. How long he the novel?
A. has, borrowed B. has, kept
C. has, lent D. is, using
20. He to do this lessons at eight every evening.
A. is begining B. is beginning
C. begin D. begins
21. The children a swim this afternoon.
A. are going to has
B. is going to have
C. are having
D. are going to have
22. There a telephone call for my brother Steven yesterday.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
23. he on well with his friends this term?
A. Does, gets B. Does, get
C. Is, getting D. Is, geting
24. Who away my pen? I can’t find it.
A. haven taken B. takes
C. has taken D. took
25. Shall we football this Saturday?
A. play B. playing C. plays D. to play
26. The children at school now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
27. Mr. Smith short stories, but he a TV play these days.
A. is writing, is writing
B. is writing, writes
C. writes, is writing
D. writes, writes
28. He said he the league for two years.
A. has joined B. has been in
C. had been in D. joined
29. She likes watering trees in the garden, she?
A. doesn’t B. don’t
C. isn’t D. didn’t
30. What you to do to keep the room clean?
A. do, have B. does, have
C. did, have D. are, have
31. Some flowers by Kate already.
A. have been watered B. watered
C. have watered D. has been watered
32. When winter comes, the leaves fall.
A. are going to B. will
C. will be D. would
33. I to the cinema. I there every Sunday.
A. go, go
B. am going, go
C. go, am going
D. am going, am going
34. You about the future now, you?
A. don’t think, don’t
B. aren’t thinking, aren’t
C. don’t think, do
D. aren’t thinking, are
35. He was afraid that he his way.
A. would lost B. would lose
C. is going to D. shall lose
36. We each other since he left here.
A. didn’t see B. hadn’t seen
C. haven’t seen D. had seen
37. Mr. Smith out for a walk in the park every day.
A. is going B. goes C. went D. go
38. He from home for a long time.
A. has gone away B. had gone away
C. has left D. has been away
39. You mustn’t go too high, or you dangerous.
A. will be B. are C. would be D. is going to
40. We have known each other .
A. since we were young B. after we were young
C. when we are young D. if we are young
41. She promised she do better work.
A. would B. will C. shall D. is going to
42. How long has this shop ?
A. be open B. been open
C. opened D. been opened
43. Mr. Smith here since he moved to his city.
A. had lived B. have live
C. have lived D. has lived
44. ----Have you read the newspaper?
----No, I haven’t .
A. too B. yet C. just D. already
45. Our knowledge of the universe all the time.
A. grow B. is growing
C. grows D. grew
46. She won’t go to the cinema if she the work tomorrow.
A. doesn’t finish B. won’t finish
C. will finish D. finish
47. My grandma for half a year.
A. has been dead B. was dead
C. has died D. died
48. She to the Great Wall several times.
A. goes B. has gone
C. went D. has been
49. The earth round the sun.
A. move B. moves
C. moved D. will move
50. Liu Fengwei three yuan for the lost library book.
A. paid B. spent C. cost D. took
51. I the bike for over four years.
A. have bought B. have buy
C. have had D. bought
52. He told us that he that factory the next day.
A. had visited B. has visited
C. will visit D. would visit
53. His mother the Party last year. She a Party member for a year.
A. joined, was
B. has joined, is
C. joined, has been
D. has joined, has been
54. We don’t know if it the day after tomorrow.
A. will rain B. rains
C. rained D. would rain
55. He said he his life for his country.
A. give B. gave C. had given D. would give
56. He always to the park on Sunday morning.
A. go B. goes C. went D. is going
57. Look, the students to the teacher carefully.
A. is listening B. are listening
C. listen D. listened
58. He in this school in 1958.
A. taught B. has taught
C. teaches D. had taught
59. They said they to England the next day.
A. will fly B. had flown
C. would fly D. flew
60. They the work in two days.
A. had finished B. would finished
C. is finishing D. will finish
61. By the end of last week, we two thousand words.
A. would learn B. have learned
C. had learned D. were learning
62. When he left, his mother .
A. is cooking B. cooked
C. was cooking D. cooks
63. We’ll go to play with snow if it tomorrow.
A. snow B. snows
C. will snow D. snowed
64. There no milk in the glass.
A. have B. has C. are D. is
65. The train when we got to the station.
A. has just left B. had just left
C. leaves D. left
66. Dr Smith is not at home. He to work.
A. has gone B. has been
C. had been D. had gone
67. That man knows a lot about New York. I heard he before.
A. had gone to the city
B. had been in there
C. had been there
D. had been New York
68. The artist to Europe. He is there now.
A. has gone B. has been
C. had gone D. had been
69. Miss Brown said she never to North China before.
A. has, gone B. has, been
C. had, gone D. had, been
70. What your grandma this time yesterday?
A. is, doing B. was, doing
C. did, do D. had, done
71. I to see the film because I have lost my ticket.
A. won’t go B. didn’t go
C. don’t go D. haven’t gone
72. The students will have a football match if it fine next Saturday.
A. will be B. would be
C. was D. is
73. She asked me if I the story before.
A. have read B. had read
C. would read D. will read
74. What they at eight yesterday evening?
A. are, doing B. did, do
C. have, done D. were, doing
75. You can’t see him now because he an important meeting.
A. is having B. have
C. has D. was having
76. I to my brother since last summer.
A. didn’t write B. hadn’t written
C. haven’t written D. don’t write
77. Li Ping will visit the Great Wall as soon as he free.
A. will be B. is C. was D. has been
78. One day when I the post office I my uncle.
A. pass, see B. was passing, saw
C. passed, saw D. pass, saw
79. He he some mistakes in the test.
A. said, will make B. said, made
C. said, had made D. said, make
80. They tired so they stopped a rest.
A. are, have B. were, have
C. were, to have D. are, having
81. My father every day.
A. takes a walk B. took walk
C. take a walk D. is taking a walk
82. Mary is seven years old. She eight next year.
A. is B. will C. was D. will be
83. A table and many chairs made by him yesterday.
A. was B. were
C. are being D. was being
84. I’ll go with you as soon as I my work.
A. will finish B. shall finish
C. finish D. finished
85. Trees green in spring.
A. turn B. turns
C. would turn D. is turning
86. Yesterday I in bed all day because I had a fever.
A. lay B. lie C. laid D. lain
87. Hello, Mike. It’s you. I you in Beijing. How long have you been here?
A. don’t know, were
B. hadn’t know, are
C. haven’t known, are
D. didn’t know, were
88. A: When again?
B: When he . I’ll let you know.
A. he comes, comes
B. will be come, will come
C. he comes, will come
D. will he come, comes
89. The last bus . I had to walk home.
A. had gone B. have gone
C. went D. has gone
90. A: Are you making cakes? B: .
A. Yes, I do B. Yes, I am
C. Yes, I’m D. Yes, I’m making
91. ----What time ?
----My watch .
A. it is, stopped B. is it, has stopped
C. it is, has stopped D. is it, is stopping
92. What on Sunday?
A. does he sometimes do
B. is he often doing
C. has he done
D. is usually he do
93. Did you hear someone at the door when you TV last night?
A. knock, was watching
B. knock, watching
C. knock, were watching
D. knock, are watching
94. That Japanese knows the Salt Lake City. I heard he before.
A. a lot of, had been there
B. a lot about, had been there
C. lot, had been there
D. a lot of, had gone there
95. As soon as we saw his face, we the news bad.
A. knew, was B. know, were
C. know, was D. know, were
96. Reading English magazines and newspapers helpful to your study of English.
A. is B. are C. will D. is going to do
97. Mary, what doing?
A. she is B. are you C. you are D. is
98. A: Is this a new radio? B: No, I it for five years.
A. have B. have had
C. had had D. will have
99. I’m sure he will come to see me before he Beijing.
A. will leave B. is leaving
C. would leave D. leaves
100. It seemed that he something expensive.
A. have lost B. lost
C. had lost D. has losted