今日原句

Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.（选自2017年全国II卷阅读理解C篇）

内容分析

宾语从句、定语从句和同位语构成了这个句子的主要语法结构。

Terrafugia says

特拉弗吉亚说

后面再一次是省略that的宾语从句。

an owner would need to pass a test andcomplete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition,

机主需要通过考试并且完成20小时的飞行时间才能驾驶过渡型飞机

“sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事”，这里两件需要做的事情之后，用最后的to do补充动作的目的。实际上你会发现，把目的放在句子开头用逗号断开，是一样的含义。

to be able to fly the Transition, an owner would need to ……

a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.

这个要求飞行员会觉得相对容易满足

a requirement是同位语，对应前面的宾语从句。“机主需要……”在这里被概括为一个词“要求”，两者地位性质等同，因此叫做同位语。这样的写法往往是为了让后面的定语从句指向性更明确。

随后出现的是省略了关系词that/which的定语从句。关于定语从句关系词省略的现象我们也见过很多次了，各位必须做到熟练判断，具体参见2月1日长难句分析25。

“find sth adj 发现/觉得某物怎么样”，这是find在考试里的常见用法，比如：

He found the text really difficult.

他发现这篇文章很难。

而这个结构最喜欢考的，就是和形式宾语混在一起。比如：

She finds itnecessary to take down notes while listening.

她发现边听边记笔记很有必要。

They find itimportant to have some working experience.

他们觉得有工作经验很重要。

有的同学会问，我在这个it后面加个is可不可以啊？我说，加了is以后，变成了形式主语句型，用作find之后的宾语从句，从原来的一个句子变成了俩句子，没有错，但是也没有必要。能用现在形式宾语一个句子解决的问题，为什么要写两句话呢？语言永远是从简的。

中文机械翻译

特拉弗吉亚说机主需要通过考试并且完成20小时的飞行时间才能驾驶过渡型飞机，这个要求飞行员会觉得相对容易满足。

中文优化翻译

特拉弗吉亚公司称，机主需要通过测试并完成20小时的飞行时间，才能驾驶过渡型飞机，这个要求对飞行员相对容易满足一些。

七选五最后一篇解题实践，我们来看看动词时态在解题中发挥的作用。

题目可以通过点击下方的“阅读原文”从网盘下载，提取码是FREE。

如果从时态的角度上来看，文章里的题目是这样的：

Even the expression of the most personal feelings can beclassified, according to Mind Reading, a DVD exhibiting every possible human emotion. __________ (71) （现在时）

But now it is believedthat many more facial expressions are shared worldwide. __________ (72) The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these expressions. （现在时）

71和72两道题相邻句是纯粹的现在时，应该非常容易判断。根据时态一致的要求，填入的语句只能是现在时。

His research team first had todefine an "emotion". __________ (73) Using this definition, 412 emotion terms were identified and discussed, from "afraid" to "wanting". （过去时）

"Although they were givensome direction, the actors were not toldwhich facial muscles they should move. __________ (74)" （过去时）

73和74两道题相邻句是明显的过去时，应该也非常容易判断。根据时态一致的要求，填入的语句只能是过去时。

It isn‘tonly about stretching the lips, but tightening the tiny muscles around the eyes. __________ (75) Ifwe learntto recognize whether someone was using their eye muscle when they smiled, we would beable to distinguish true enjoyment from false. （现在时）

75题值得重点说一下：前面的语句是现在时，而后面的语句看上去是过去时。但是请各位特别注意75题后面相邻句的第一个词if。我们曾经说过，看到if需要立刻想到“主将从现”和“虚拟语气”，而这里的learnt和would be直接指明，这里是虚拟语气的现象，描述“与现在事实相反”的情况。所以前面的语句是现在时，后面的语句是虚拟语气“与现在相反”仍然与现在相关，所以75题必然也要求现在时的语句。

再从时态的角度来看看选项的情况：

A. It shows412 distinct ways we feel. （现在时）

B. These can becombined into more than 10,000 facial shapes. （现在时）

C. These particular muscles aredifficult to control, and few people can doit. （现在时）

D. They decidedthat it wasa mental state that could be introducedby "I feel" or "he looks" or "she sounds". （过去时）

E. He said the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone, from any culture. （过去时）

F. It isas if they are programmedinto the brains of "normal humans" wherever they areand whatever their races. （现在时）

G. We thoughtof trying to describe each emotion, but it would have beenalmost impossible to make clear rules for this. （过去时）

所以我们得出初步解题结论：

71题、72题、75题，选择现在时选项ABCF，必有一个选项不能选。

73题、74题，选择过去时选项DEG，必有一个选项不能选。

先来看看过去时态的题目。

His research teamfirst had to definean "emotion". __________ (73) Using this definition, 412 emotion terms were identified and discussed, from "afraid" to "wanting". （过去时）

"Although they were given some direction, the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move. __________ (74)" （过去时）

D. Theydecidedthat it was a mental statethat could be introduced by "I feel" or "he looks" or "she sounds". （过去时）

E. Hesaid the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone, from any culture. （过去时）

G. Wethought of trying to describe each emotion, but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this. （过去时）

三个选项的代词差别很大，分别是they、he和we。当遇到这三个代词的时候，建议首先从指代要求最确定的he开始考虑。两道题的前面都没有单数的人出现，所以E选项不能选择。有的人可能考虑73题前面的his research team，但是team里应该一定不只有一个人，所以这里代词he没有指代对象。

D选项they的代词与两道题都可以形成对应，所以需要关注其它句中的细节。73题前后都出现的共通信息是define和definition，与D选项的decide有直接对应，而且it was a mental state明显是在下定义。而74题，只能选择最后一个G选项。

再来看现在时的题目。

Even the expressionof the most personal feelingscan be classified, according to Mind Reading, a DVD exhibiting every possible human emotion. __________ (71) （现在时）

But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide. __________ (72) The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these expressions. （现在时）

It isn‘t only about stretching the lips, but tightening the tiny musclesaround the eyes. __________ (75) If we learnt to recognize whether someone was using their eye musclewhen they smiled, we would be able to distinguish true enjoyment from false. （现在时）

A. It shows 412 distinct wayswe feel.（现在时）

B. These can be combinedinto more than 10,000 facial shapes. （现在时）

C. These particular musclesare difficult to control, and few people can do it.（现在时）

F. It is as if they are programmed into the brains of "normal humans" wherever they are and whatever their races. （现在时）

75题最简单，前后两句话都提到了muscle，而和muscle有关的选项只有C选项。

72题难度也不高，前面的worldwide与F选项中的wherever they are and whatever their races直接对应。

71题略有难度，但是关注前面的关键词expression、personal feelings和“classified 分类”，只有A选项的distinct ways和feel有关。B选项的“combine 合并”与前面的“分类”矛盾，“facial shapes 脸型”与相邻句完全没有关系。

到此为止，我们通过四篇文章看到了七选五中对于细节关键词的考察：名词重复概念，代词指代明确，感情色彩保持一致，时态保持一致。前两点是七选五的普遍考察方向，后两点是七选五中解题的辅助策略。各位可以结合之前做过的题目进行错题分析，在考前熟悉这几个重要的解题原则。