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Reported speech1 间接引语1

Reported speech1 间接引语1

When we report someone’s words we can do it in two ways. We can use direct speech with quotation marks (“I work in a bank”), or we can use reported speech (He said he worked in a bank.)

当我们转述别人的话的时候,我们能有两种说法。我们可以用带引号的直接语气(“I work in a bank”),或者用间接引语(He said he worked in a bank.)。

In reported speech the tenses, word-order and pronouns may be different from those in the original sentence.

用间接引语的句子,其时态、单词顺序和代词可能会跟原句的不同。

Present simple and present continuous tenses

一般现在时和现在进行时

• Direct speech: I travel a lot in my job.

直接语气: “I travel a lot in my job”

Reported speech:He said that he travelled a lot in his job.

间接引语: He said that he travelled a lot in his job.

The present simple tense (I travel) usually changes to the past simple (he travelled) in reported speech.

一般现在时态,在间接引语里一般变成一般过去时。

• Direct speech:Be quiet. The baby’s sleeping.

直接语气: “Be quiet. The baby’s sleeping.”

Reported speech:She told me to be quiet because the baby was sleeping.

间接引语: She told me to be quiet because the baby was sleeping.

The present continuous usually changes to the past continuous.

现在进行时一般变成过去进行时。

Note

注意:

• Reported speech:“I work in Italy”

间接引语: He told me that he works in Italy.

It isn’t always necessary to change the tense. If something is still true now – he still works in Italy – we can use the present simple in the reported sentence.

并不是任何情况下都要改变时态,如果某事现在还是真实的—例句中,他现在还在意大利工作的话,我们就能在用间接引语的时候也用一般现在时态即可。

Past simple and past continuous tenses

一般过去时和过去进行时态

• Direct speech:“We lived in China for 5 years.”

直接语气: “We lived in China for 5 years.”

Reported speech:She told me they had lived in China for 5 years.

间接引语: She told me they had lived in China for 5 years.

The past simple tense (we lived) usually changes to the past perfect (they had lived) in reported speech.

一般过去时态在间接引语中经常变成过去完成时。

• Direct speech:“I was walking down the road when I saw the accident."

直接语气: “I was walking down the road when I saw the accident.”

Reported speech:He told me he’d been walking down the road when he’d seen the accident.

间接引语: He told me he’d been walking down the road when he’d seen the accident.

The past continuous usually changes to the past perfect continuous.

过去进行时经常变成过去完成进行时。

Perfect tenses

完成时态

• Direct speech:They’ve always been very kind to me.

直接语气: “They’ve always been very kind to me”.

Reported speech:She said they’d always been very kind to her.

间接引语: She said they’d always been very kind to her.

The present perfect tense (have always been) usually changes to the past perfect tense (had always been).

现在完成时经常变成过去完成时。

• Direct speech: “They had already eaten when I arrived”

直接引语:“They had already eaten when I arrived”。

Reported speech: He said they’d already eaten when he’d arrived.

间接引语:He said they’d already eaten when he’d arrived.

The past perfect tense does not change in reported speech.

过去完成时态在变成间接引语的时候不用变。

You can find more information about reported speech in another section.

你在另一章节里可以找到更多关于间接引语的语法信息。

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