限定词,顾名思义,是用来限定名词的一类词。我们知道,名词指代人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词,但是在句子中,某一名词是特指,还是类指,是确定数量,还是不确定数量,这些都要靠“限定词”来决定。
因此,限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、类指以及表示确定数量和非确定数量等限定作用的词类。
英语的限定词有以下几类:
1.冠词:定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词
The red book is mine.
There is a pen and an apple on the desk.
Time is money.
2.物主限定词:my, your, his, her, our, your, their, one's, its.
My bike is broken.
3.名词属格:John's, my friend's.
John's brother will go to school next year.
4.指示限定词:this, that, these, those, such
This story is very interesting.
Such novels are worth reading.
5.关系限定词:whose, which
The children whose parents died are not homeless any more.
These questions are all on philosophy, about which subject I know little.
6.疑问限定词:what, which, whose
Whose books are these?
Which restaurant is your favourite?
What films do you like watching?
7.不定限定词:no, some, any, each, every, enough, either, neither, all, both, half, several, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, other, another.
There are some books on the desk.
Do you have enough money?
8.基数词和序数词倍数词和分数词
There are three pens in my bag.
The first answer is correct.
9.量词:a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great /good deal of, a large of, a small amount of, a quantity of, a great/ large/ good number of等。
We prepared plenty of food and drinks for the party.
限定词虽然属于“封闭词类”,但种类繁多,使用频繁,我们需要分类记忆,灵活运用。